The most obvious function to create a histogram in Excel is the FREQUENCY function that returns the number of values that fall within specific ranges, ignoring text values and blank cells.
The last Frequency formula in cell E9 returns the number of values greater than the highest bin i. To make things easier to understand, the following screenshot shows the bins column D , corresponding intervals column C , and computed frequencies column E :.
And in this case, you will need to use 3 different formulas:. The formula counts how many values in column B are less than the smallest bin in cell D2, i. The formula counts how many values in column B are greater than the highest bin in D8. Basically, you get rid of the multi-cell array formula and can add and delete bins easily. The bar graph will be immediately inserted in your sheet:. Generally speaking, you already have a histogram for your input data, though it definitely requires a few improvements.
Most importantly, to make your Excel histogram easy to understand, you need to replace the default labels of the horizontal axis represented by serial numbers with your bin numbers or ranges. The easiest way is to type the ranges in a column left to the column with the Frequency formula, select both columns - Ranges and Frequencies - and then create a bar chart.
The ranges will be automatically used for the X axis labels, as shown in the below screenshot:. If there is no way you can type the desired histogram labels on your sheet, then you can enter them directly on the chart, independently of the worksheet data. The final part of this tutorial explains how to do this, and shows a couple of other improvements that can be made to your Excel histogram.
As you may have noticed in the two previous examples, the most time-consuming part of creating a histogram in Excel is calculating the number of items within each bin. Once the source data has been grouped, an Excel histogram chart is fairly easy to draw.
As you probably know, one of the fastest ways to automatically summarize data in Excel is a PivotTable. So, let's get to it and plot a histogram for the Delivery data column B :. If you have not dealt with Excel pivot tables yet, you may find this tutorial helpful: Excel PivotTable tutorial for beginners. Now, your updated PivotTable should look like this:. The next step is to create the intervals, or bins. For this, we will be using the Grouping option.
Right-click any cell under Row Labels in your pivot table, and select Group …. In the Grouping dialog box, specify the starting and ending values usually Excel enters the minimum and maximum value automatically based on your data , and type the desired increment interval length in the By box. In this example, the minimum delivery time is 1 day, maximum - 40 days, and the increment is set to 5 days:.
Note: This feature is only available if you have a Microsoft subscription. If you are a Microsoft subscriber, make sure you have the latest version of Office. If you're on a phone, tap the edit icon to show the ribbon, and then tap Home. To create a histogram in Excel, you provide two types of data — the data that you want to analyze, and the bin numbers that represent the intervals by which you want to measure the frequency.
You must organize the data in two columns on the worksheet. These columns must contain the following data:. Input data This is the data that you want to analyze by using the Histogram tool.
Bin numbers These numbers represent the intervals that you want the Histogram tool to use for measuring the input data in the data analysis. When you use the Histogram tool, Excel counts the number of data points in each data bin. A data point is included in a particular bin if the number is greater than the lowest bound and equal to or less than the greatest bound for the data bin.
If you omit the bin range, Excel creates a set of evenly distributed bins between the minimum and maximum values of the input data. The output of the histogram analysis is displayed on a new worksheet or in a new workbook and shows a histogram table and a column chart that reflects the data in the histogram table. You can always ask an expert in the Excel Tech Community or get support in the Answers community. Create a waterfall chart.
Create a Pareto chart. Create a sunburst chart in Office. Create a box and whisker chart. Create a treemap chart in Office. Import and analyze data. Select your data. This is a typical example of data for a histogram. Tips: Use the Design and Format tabs to customize the look of your chart. Option Description By Category Choose this option when the categories horizontal axis are text-based instead of numerical. Overflow bin option Underflow bin option.
Importantly, do not press Enter. Excel will insert curly brackets around the formula to remind you in the future that this was entered as an array formula. The first step is to create bins according to the parameters discussed above. Next, follow the three steps below. Excel Version:. That extra element in the returned array returns the count of any values above the highest interval.
You can label the corresponding cell B7 accordingly. But it will take a minute or two more to make the chart presentable. A menu of checkbox options will appear. Each option can expand into more specific details by clicking on a black arrow to the right of the option. Another way to add chart elements is to select the chart, then click on the Design tab on the ribbon.
The Quick Layouts menu item offers some commonly-used built-in combinations for your chart type. Click on the chart and drag any of the eight handlebars to resize. The four corner handles will expand the chart proportionally, while the middle, left, and right handles will only make the image wider or narrower without changing the height. The middle, top, and bottom handles will only make the image taller or shorter without changing the width. Format any of the axis elements by right-clicking on that axis.
A pane will open up on the right of your screen with various options which can be customized as needed. Select the columns, right-click, and choose Format Data Series.
In the above histogram, the chart title, axis titles, Y-axis, and X-axis via column D have all been customized. The built-in histogram method is probably the one that will take the most time to get used to, especially with the way the bins are labeled. Note that some of the formatting and customization options may be more or less flexible, depending on which method was chosen to create the histogram.
Histograms are useful for reporting on statistical data, especially when large datasets are involved. Visit our course library to learn more about Excel with GoSkills! Try either our free Excel in an Hour crash course or our comprehensive Excel - Basic and Advanced course. Or both! Claudia is a content writer and course instructor at GoSkills.
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