He was found to have prolonged QT interval on his lead electrocardiogram corrected: ms. His serum electrolytes showed normal potassium and magnesium levels, severe hypocalcaemia, and low parathyroid hormone and vitamin D levels.
After correction of the calcium level, the QT interval normalized and there were no further episodes of syncope, lightheadedness, or palpitations. The authors report no conflicts of interest for the published content. Manuscript received November 19, , final version accepted January 11, E-mail: ismailhamam yahoo. Long QT syndrome LQTS is a disorder characterized by a prolongation of the QT interval on electrocardiograms ECGs and a propensity to ventricular tachyarrhythmias, which may lead to syncope, cardiac arrest, or sudden death.
The LQTS may be either congenital or acquired. Hypocalcaemia is known to prolong the cardiac repolarization by prolonging the phase 2 action potential AP. A year-old man, with no family history of cardiac disease or sudden cardiac death, presented with a history of recurrent episodes of syncope accompanied by an inability to speak, and abnormal movement of his mouth. These episodes lasted for a few minutes and were proceeded by palpitations and chest pain.
The serum electrolytes were sent and revealed normal potassium and magnesium levels. His serum calcium level was low 5. Further work-up showed low vitamin D and low parathyroid hormone levels.
The patient was treated with intravenous calcium supplementation and vitamin D. The heart pumps out less blood. The lack of blood to the brain causes you to faint suddenly and, often, without warning. If the episode lasts for a long time, fainting can be followed by a full-body seizure.
If the dangerous rhythm does not correct itself, then a life-threatening arrhythmia called ventricular fibrillation follows. Congenital long QT syndrome is caused by a genetic mutation. There is no known prevention. However, with proper treatment, you can prevent the dangerous heartbeats that can lead to long QT syndrome complications. You may be able to prevent the health conditions that lead to some types of acquired long QT syndrome with regular health checkups and good communication with your doctor.
It is especially important to avoid medications that can affect your heart rhythm and cause prolongation of the QT interval. Long QT syndrome care at Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products.
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Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references What is long QT syndrome? National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Accessed April 29, Conduction disorders. American Heart Association. Schwartz PJ, et al. Congenital long QT syndrome: Epidemiology and clinical manifestations.
Giudicessi JR, et al. Prevalence and clinical phenotype of concomitant long QT syndrome and arrhythmogenic bileaflet mitral valve prolapse. International Journal of Cardiology. Berul CI, et al. Acquired long QT syndrome: Definitions, causes, and pathophysiology. Waddell-Smith KE, et al. Pre-test probability and genes and variants of uncertain significance in familial long QT syndrome. Heart, Lung and Circulation. Significance of a long QT interval adult. Mayo Clinic; How the heart works.
Prolonged QT interval: Signs and symptoms adult. Congenital long QT syndrome: Diagnosis. Ferri FF. Long QT syndrome. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies.
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