For example, if the nerves that service your bowel are affected, you may experience constipation or diarrhoea, or both. Diagnosis of amyloidosis Amyloidosis is diagnosed using a number of tests including: General tests — include blood and urine tests. Bone marrow biopsy — a small tag of bone marrow is removed and examined for abnormalities. Tissue biopsy — a small tag of abdominal fat or rectal tissue is removed with a slender needle and examined in a laboratory. Treatment for amyloidosis The aims of treatment are to prevent further deposits of amyloid proteins and ease the symptoms.
Treatment options depend on the form of amyloidosis, what organs are affected and the associated symptoms. Treatment may include: adequate rest treatment for any underlying disorder such as rheumatoid arthritis drugs to slow amyloid activity a special diet tailored to your needs — for example, a person with affected kidneys will benefit from a low-salt diet dialysis, if the kidneys are affected drugs to stabilise the heartbeat, if the heart is affected transplants of affected organs may be considered Current trials include the use of particular chemotherapy medications and bone marrow transplants.
Where to get help Your doctor Things to remember Amyloidosis is an umbrella term that describes diseases caused by abnormal deposits of the protein amyloid. The symptoms of amyloidosis vary widely, depending on which tissues and organs are affected. There is no cure for amyloidosis. The aims of treatment are to prevent further deposits of amyloid proteins and ease the symptoms.
Shiel, Dr William C. Jr, , Amyloidosis , MedicineNet. More information here. Jr, , Amyloidosis cont. Give feedback about this page. Was this page helpful? Yes No. Systemic amyloidosis is the most common. Amyloidosis is a rare disorder. Although it is not a type of cancer, it may be associated with certain blood cancers like multiple myeloma.
Because amyloidosis is rare, it has been difficult to study. However, doctors and researchers have begun to understand more about amyloidosis over the past few decades. Research continues to learn more about this illness, which can be life-threatening. There are different types of amyloidosis. They are named for the type of protein that is affected by the illness. The types of amyloidosis include:. AL amyloidosis. This is the most common type of amyloidosis in the United States.
AL amyloidosis is a disorder of the plasma cells. Plasma cells are a type of white blood cell responsible for the production of immunoglobulins or antibodies, which are a type of protein that fights infection.
The amyloid proteins that build up in the tissues in this condition are known as light chains. They can either be kappa or lambda light chains. When signs and symptoms are evident, they depend on which of your organs are affected.
See your doctor if you persistently experience any of the signs or symptoms associated with amyloidosis. There are many different types of amyloidosis. Some varieties are hereditary. Others are caused by outside factors, such as inflammatory diseases or long-term dialysis. Many types affect multiple organs, while others affect only one part of the body.
The potential complications of amyloidosis depend on which organs the amyloid deposits affect. Amyloidosis can seriously damage your:. Amyloidosis care at Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products.
Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Amyloidosis am-uh-loi-DO-sis is a rare disease that occurs when an abnormal protein, called amyloid, builds up in your organs and interferes with their normal function. Purpura around the eyes Open pop-up dialog box Close. These help protect the body from infection.
The abnormal light chains in patients with AL amyloidosis clump together into thread-like strings amyloid fibrils that the body cannot clear away easily. Over time, amyloid fibrils build up as AL amyloid deposits in tissues and organs. This gradually stops them functioning properly, causing the many symptoms of AL amyloidosis. Unlike some other types of amyloidosis, AL amyloidosis is not inherited, so a person with the condition cannot pass it on to their children.
But there are treatments to stop more of the abnormal proteins being produced and treat your symptoms. These treatments can give your body time to gradually clear the deposits before they build up again.
This can help prevent organ damage. In most cases, the treatment will involve having chemotherapy. Chemotherapy damages abnormal bone marrow cells and stops them producing the abnormal proteins that form amyloid deposits. Steroids are usually given together with chemotherapy to boost the effect of the chemotherapy drugs. They may also lessen your chances of having a bad reaction to chemotherapy.
Your doctor may also discuss using other treatments, such as a stem cell transplant. You may also need special medicine if you have heart failure or kidney failure.
Your doctors and nurses will need to carefully control the amount of salt you have and how much you drink. You may also need dialysis if you have end-stage kidney failure.
Some people with kidney failure may be suitable for a kidney transplant.
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