Before becoming president in , Ghani enjoyed a stellar career abroad as an academic and economist focused on failed states, only returning 24 years later to pursue his dream of rebuilding the country. He worked with the World Bank from , becoming an expert on the Russian coal industry, and finally moved back to Kabul as a senior UN special adviser soon after the Taliban were routed in late In the days that followed, he was a key architect of the interim government and became a powerful finance minister under President Hamid Karzai from to , campaigning hard against burgeoning corruption.
Renowned for his intensity and energy, Ghani introduced a new currency, set up a tax system, encouraged wealthy expat Afghans to return home, and cajoled donors as the country emerged from the austere Taliban era.
Ghani is married to Rula, whom he met while studying for his first degree at the American University in Lebanon, and has two children.
As President, Ghani has initiated reforms at various sectors namely economic, trade, banking; establishment of land and air corridors; building railways to spur trade; and revival of Lapis Lazuli and Chabahar routes in order to create the grounds for economic development for all stakeholder countries and to help the Afghan government achieve self-reliance.
He established fundamental reforms to ensure social justice and political participation, particularly meaningful participation of Afghan women and youth in politics, as well as reforms in legal and justice, procurement and security institutions.
Ghani grew up in Afghanistan before pursuing his education abroad. As with so many Afghans, foreign invasion and civil war led to the persecution of his family and forced him to remain in exile.
While abroad, he became a leading scholar of political science and anthropology, taught at Johns Hopkins University from to and worked at the World Bank where he learned the tools of international development. Ghani fled the country and found refuge in the United Arab Emirates. Ashraf Ghani is a former technocrat who spent much of his career outside Afghanistan, before returning to help the country rebuild after years of war. He came into office in seen as incorruptible and hands-on - too much so, some would say - but is also noted for his short temper.
However, five years later, with memories of the fraud allegations which mired the vote still fresh in Afghans' minds, his reputation stands a little more tarnished. Mr Ghani's time in office has been marked by an uneasy alliance with his chief executive and main rival for the top job, Abdullah Abdullah. A member of the country's majority Pashtun community, Mr Ghani took office as most foreign troops were leaving in But since then the Taliban have extended their presence, eroding Kabul's writ across the country - undermining Mr Ghani's authority.
He was shut out of peace talks between the US and the Taliban, before they were called off earlier this month. The militants regard his government as US puppets. Mr Ghani has introduced some anti-corruption policies but little progress appears to have been made. Ashraf Ghani first came to prominence in Afghanistan running the loya jirga - the grand meeting of elders after the fall of the Taliban in He served as the chairman of the Transition Coordination Commission TCC in which was responsible for transferring authority from foreign to national troops.
He resigned from TCC to run for president in October He was declared winner on September 22, and served through
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