These aim to lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels, slow the heart rate, relax blood vessels, reduce strain on the heart, and prevent blood clots from forming. Are there any natural anticoagulants? If medications do not help, other treatments include:. In some cases, a procedure is necessary. A heart specialist may recommend an angioplasty , possibly with a stent placement. Alternately, the cardiologist may recommend coronary artery bypass grafting , in which a surgeon uses a healthy artery or vein from another part of the body to bypass narrowed arteries in the heart.
Angina usually results from underlying coronary artery disease. The coronary arteries supply the heart with oxygen-rich blood. When cholesterol collects on the wall of an artery and forms hard plaques, this effectively narrows the arteries. Other factors, including damage to the arteries and smoking, increase the risk of plaque buildup.
When the arteries narrow, it becomes harder for oxygen-rich blood to reach the heart. Also, plaques may break off and form clots that block the arteries. If blood cannot carry oxygen to the heart, the heart muscle cannot work properly. This causes angina. Angina can develop as a result of:.
Angina results from a fall in the oxygen supply to the heart. For people with stable angina, the following may trigger an attack:. If the doctor believes that the issue is angina, they may recommend one or more of the following tests:. People should receive consistent, effective treatment for cardiovascular disease and other aspects of metabolic syndrome, such as high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity.
Angina involves sensations of pain, squeezing, or pressure in the chest, and it results from too little oxygen reaching the heart muscle. It is not necessarily dangerous, but it can be a sign of heart disease. Effective medical treatments and lifestyle changes can manage angina or prevent it from returning. Anyone who experiences sudden, unexplained, or worsening or chest pain should receive medical attention right away. Stable angina causes pain, squeezing, or tightness in the chest, usually when someone is stressed or doing physical activity.
Narrowed arteries or…. Pain in the chest may cause people to worry. Although some causes are severe, such as heart attacks, many of the potential causes are less worrisome…. Learn about its symptoms, causes, and treatments…. It occurs suddenly. You feel chest pain you did not have before. Discomfort lasts longer than stable angina more than 20 minutes.
Not relieved by rest or nitroglycerin. Episodes may get worse over time. What you can do if you experience an episode of unstable angina: Unstable angina should be treated as a medical emergency. Your doctor will do tests to find out if you are experiencing unstable angina.
You may need medical treatment to prevent a heart attack. Variant angina also called Prinzmetal angina Caused by a spasm in the coronary arteries. Spasms can be the result of exposure to cold weather, stress, smoking, cocaine use or medications that may tighten or narrow the arteries. Most people with variant angina have a severe blockage in at least one major coronary artery and the spasm usually happens close to the blockage.
Usually happens while resting, and during the night or early morning. Can be treated by medication. MVD affects the smallest blood vessels of the heart. Pain is more severe and can last longer than stable angina, sometimes 30 minutes or more. Pain is unpredictable. It can happen during exercise or while resting. Nitroglycerin may not relieve the pain. Treatment includes medication and lifestyle changes. Angina pain can be triggered by: physical activity exercise emotional stress extreme temperatures either hot or cold heavy meals drinking alcohol smoking Angina can stem from these medical conditions: Coronary artery disease CAD Blocked arteries from coronary artery disease are the most common cause of angina.
Without enough blood and oxygen, your heart works too hard which triggers angina. Coronary artery spasm Coronary artery spasm is a contraction in the blood vessels that supply the heart. If the blood vessel is constricted, blood flow to the heart can decrease or even stop. This lack of blood flow can cause angina or heart attack. Uncontrolled high blood pressure Narrowing of the valves in the heart aortic stenosis Enlarged heart hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Symptoms Angina symptoms can vary from person to person, between men and women see below , and by the type of angina you have. The main symptoms of angina are: Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing Pain Tightness, pressure or discomfort in the centre of the chest Ache or discomfort in areas other than the chest: jaw, shoulder, arms or back A burning sensation that feels like indigestion or heartburn Burning or cramping pain More common in women — vague pain, pain in the neck or throat Fatigue Be aware Women may describe their angina symptoms differently than men.
They are more likely to experience: vague pain in the centre of the chest pain in the neck or tightness in the throat the feeling of a panic attack, anxiety dizziness, fainting sweating at night fatigue When to call your doctor If you have chest pain that is new, worsening or constant, seek medical care immediately.
You are at greater risk of: heart attack irregular heartbeat arrhythmia cardiac arrest. Diagnosis Your healthcare provider will review your medical history and give you a complete physical exam. Treatment Angina is often controlled with a combination of medication and lifestyle changes. Medication Medication may help prevent or relieve the symptoms of angina.
It widens or opens up the coronary arteries. This gets more blood and more oxygen to your heart. If you take nitro, always carry it with you. Procedures might include: percutaneous coronary intervention PCI also known as angioplasty with stent coronary artery bypass surgery Cardiac rehabilitation Cardiac rehabilitation is a medically supervised program designed to help you recover after a heart attack or from other heart conditions.
Rehab has two parts: Exercise training to learn how to exercise safely, strengthen muscles and improve stamina. Education and counselling to learn how to reduce the risk for heart problems in the future. Lifestyle You can lower your risk of developing other heart diseases and stroke by knowing and controlling your blood pressure, diabetes and blood cholesterol.
Be smoke-free. Be more active. Yes, exercise can trigger angina. But moderate physical activity, approved by a healthcare provider, will help your heart health. Written by American Heart Association editorial staff and reviewed by science and medicine advisers. See our editorial policies and staff. Heart Attack. About Heart Attacks. Warning Signs of a Heart Attack. Angina Chest Pain. Diagnosing a Heart Attack. Treatment of a Heart Attack. Life After a Heart Attack.
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